Robertian Dynasty
Robert the Strong
 |
Robert the Strong, as depicted in the
illuminated manuscript Arbor genealogiae
regum Francorum : les Robertiens by Bernardus Guidonis
from the 14th century, now held in the Bibliothèque
municipale de Besançon MS 854 folio 8 |
Robert was marquis of Neustria, count of
Anjou, count of Blois, count of Auxerre and Nevers, count of Autin,
lay-abbot of Marmoutier
and lay-abbot of Saint-Martin de Tours
Regionis
Chronicon in Monumenta Germaniæ
Historica SS 1 p571 (ed. G. H. Pertz, 1826)
Anno
dominicae incarnationis 861. Carolus placitum habuit in Compendio,
ibique cum optimatum consilio Rodberto comiti ducatum inter Ligerim et
Sequanam adversum Brittones commendavit, quem cum ingenti industria
per aliquod tempus rexit.
This roughly translates as:
In the year of
our Lord's incarnation 861, Charles held a council in Compendium, and
there, with the best advice, he entrusted count Rodbert with the dukedom
between the Loire and the Seine against the Britons, which he ruled with
great industry for some time.
In 864, Robert was wounded in a battle with Vikings:
Annales Bertiniani p74 (1883)
[864]
Rodbertus comes Andegavensis adgrediens duos cuneos de Northmannis qui
in Ligeri fluvio residebant, unum quidem, exceptis paucis evadentibus,
interfecit, et altero maiore retro superveniente, vulneratur. Unde,
paucis suorum amissis, sibi secessu consuluit et post paucos dies
convaluit.
This roughly translates as:
[864] Rodbert,
count of Anjou, attacking two bands of Northmen who were residing on the
Loire River, killed one of them, except for a few who escaped, and was
wounded by the other, who was more numerous, as he came up behind.
Whereupon, having lost a few of his men, he consulted a retreat and
after a few days recovered.
The Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th edition vol
23 p402 (ed. Hugh Chisholm, 1911)
ROBERT
THE STRONG. (le Fort) (d. 866), count of Anjou and of Blois, is
said by Richerus to have been the son of a certain Witichin, but nothing
definite is known about his parentage or early life. Quickly attaining a
prominent position among the Frankish nobles, he appears as rector of
the abbey of Marmoutier in 852, and as one of Charles the Bald’s missi
dominici, in 853; but soon afterwards he was among those who
rebelled against Charles, and invited the king’s half-brother, Louis the
German, to invade West Francia. However, after the peace between Charles
and Louis in 860 Robert came to terms with his sovereign, who made him
count of Anjou and of Blois, and entrusted him with the defence of that
part of his kingdom which lay between the Seine and the Loire, a
district which had suffered greatly from the ravages of the Normans and
the Bretons. By his conduct in many stubborn fights with these foes,
Robert thoroughly earned his surname and gained the confidence of the
king, who gave him the counties of Nevers and Auxerre. He was killed in
battle at Brissarthe in October 866, leaving two sons, Odo, or Eudes,
and Robert, both of whom became kings of the Franks. Robert has been
compared to the Maccabees, and the fact that he was the ancestor of the
Capetian kings of France has invested him with historical importance.
See K. von Kalekstein, Robert der Tapfere (Berlin, 1871);
and E. Favre, Eudes, comte de Paris et roi de France (Paris,
1893).
A biography, in German, of Robert the Strong is Robert der Tapfere, Markgraf von Anjou: der Stammvater
des kapetingischen Hauses (Carl von Kalckstein, 1871).
 |
|
Depiction of the death of Robert the
Strong at the combat of Brissarthe.
|
866, at Brissarthe,
Neustria, in the Battle
of Brissarthe against Vikings and Bretons
Annales Bertiniani p84 (1883)
[866]
Nortmanni commixti Brittonibus, circiter quadringenti de Ligeri cum
caballis egressi, Cinomannis civitatem adeunt. Qua depraedata, in
regressu suo usque ad locum qui dicitur Brieserta veniunt; ubi
Rotbertum et Ramnulfum, Gozfridum quoque et Heriveum comites cum
valida manu armatorum, si Deus cum eis esset, offendunt. Et conserto
praelio, Rotbertus occiditur, Ramnulfus plagatus, cuius vulnere postea
mortuus est, fugatur; et Heriveo vulnerato, et aliis quibusdam
occisis, caeteri ad sua quique discedunt. Et quoniam Ramnulfus et
Rotbertus de praecedentium se vindicta, qui contra suum ordinem alter
abbatiam Sancti Hilarii, alter abbatiam Sancti Martini praesumpserat,
castigari noluerunt, in se ultionem experiri meruerunt.
This roughly translates as:
[866] The
Northmen, mixed with the Britons, set out from the Loire with about four
hundred horsemen, and approached the city of the Cinomans. Having
plundered it, they came on their way back to a place called Brissarthe;
where they encountered counts Robert and Ranulf, and also count Geoffrey
and Herive with a strong force of armed men, if God were with them. And
after a battle, Robert was killed, Ranulf was wounded, from whose wound
he later died, and was put to flight; and Herive, wounded and some
others killed, the rest departed to their own homes. And since Ranulf
and Robert did not wish to be punished for the revenge of their
predecessors, who, against their order, had presumptuously taken the
abbey of St. Hilary, the other the abbey of St. Martin, they deserved to
experience revenge on themselves.
Regionis
Chronicon in Monumenta Germaniæ
Historica SS 1 p578 (ed. G. H. Pertz, 1826)
Anno
dominicae incarnationis 867. Nordmanni oram Ligeris fluminis
occupantes, Namnetensem, Andegavensem, Pictavensem atque Turonicam
provinciam iterato crudeliter depopulari coeperunt; contra quos
Ruotbertus qui marcam tenebat, et Ramnulfus dux Aquitaniae, collecta
multitudine aciem dirigunt. Illi sentientes se ab exercitu insequi,
cum summa acceleratione ad classem repedare contendunt; sed cum
appropinquare insequentium multitudinem cernerent, cognoscentes se
effugere non posse, quandam villam ingrediuntur, ubi se, quantum hora
permisit, communiunt. Erat autem in eadem villa basilica pergrandis ex
lapide constructa, in qua maxima pars Nordmannorum introivit cum duce
eorum nomine Hastingo. Ruotbertus et Ramnulfus cum sociis super eos
irruunt, quoscumque extra basilicam reppererunt, absque mora
trucidant. Ad ecclesiam pervenientes, cum vidissent locum munitum, et
animadvertissent non modicam turbam paganorum intrinsecus latitantem,
parumper deliberantes, castra in circuitu statuunt, tentoria figunt,
ut in crastinum, exstructis aggeribus applicatisque machinis, hostes
totis viribus expugnarent; declinabat quippe iam sol ad occasum.
Ruotbertus nimio calore exaestuans, galeam et loricam deposuit, ut
aura collecta paulisper refrigeraretur; cumque unusquisque in
positione castrorum intenderet, repente Nordmanni a munitione
exiliunt, et cum ingenti clamore super Ruotbertum ac socios impetum
faciunt. Sed quamvis repentini et subitanei casus etiam fortissimos
viros in bello conturbare soleant, tamen arma quam citius corripiunt,
hostes viriliter excipiunt, et cedentes in basilicam redire
compellunt. Ruotbertus absque galea et lorica accurrens, cum incautius
dimicaret, et inimicos ultro insequeretur, interfectus est in introitu
ipsius ecclesiae; eius corpus iam exanime Nordmanni intrinsecus
trahunt. Porro Ramnulfus, cum eminus stans eventum rei specularetur, a
quodam Nordmanno per fenestram basilicae sagittae ictu graviter
vulneratus est, et a suis ex certamine eductus, vix triduo supervixit.
Tali infelici infortunio pugna commissa est et finita; exercitus
amisso capite errore pariter ac moerore repletus, solvit eadem hora
obsidionem, et ad propria revertitur; Nordmanni ovantes ad classem
dirigunt gressum.
This roughly translates as:
In the year of
our Lord's incarnation 867. The Northmen, occupying the banks of the
Loire river, began to cruelly depopulate Namur, Anjou, Pictou and the
province of Tours again; against whom Robert, who was marquis, and
Ranulf, duke of Aquitaine, gathered a multitude and directed their
battle. They, feeling that they were being pursued by the army, hastened
to return to the fleet with the utmost acceleration; but when they saw
the multitude of those pursuing them approaching, knowing that they
could not escape, they entered a certain village, where they communed as
much as the hour permitted. Now in that village there was a very large
basilica built of stone, into which the greater part of the Northmen
entered with their leader named Hastings. Robert and Ranulf with their
allies rushed upon them, and without delay slew whomever they found
outside the basilica. Arriving at the church, when they saw the
fortified place and noticed a considerable crowd of pagans hiding
inside, they deliberated for a while, pitched camp around it, pitched
tents, so that on the next day, having built ramparts and applied
engines, they would attack the enemy with all their might; for the sun
was already setting. Robert, burning with the excessive heat, took off
his helmet and breastplate, so that the collected air might cool him for
a while; and as each one was preparing for the position of the camp, the
Northmen suddenly leapt out of the fortifications, and with a great
shout made an attack on Robert and his companions. But although sudden
and unexpected accidents are wont to discomfit even the bravest men in
war, yet they quickly seized their weapons, manfully received the enemy,
and compelled them to retreat back into the basilica. Robert, running in
without helmet and breastplate, while he was fighting carelessly and
pursuing his enemies, was killed at the entrance of the church itself;
his body, now lifeless, was dragged inside by the Northmen. Furthermore,
Ranulf, while standing at a distance and watching the outcome of the
event, was seriously wounded by a Northman through the window of the
basilica with an arrow, and was carried out of the battle by his men,
barely surviving three days. With such an unfortunate misfortune the
battle was committed and ended; the army, having lost its leader, filled
with both error and sorrow, raised the siege at the same hour and
returned to its own; the Northmen, cheering, directed their march
towards the fleet.
Robert I
 |
Robert I, as depicted in the illuminated
manuscript Arbor genealogiae regum
Francorum : les Robertiens by Bernardus Guidonis from the
14th century, now held in the Bibliothèque
municipale de Besançon MS 854 folio 8 |
Robert the
Strong
Regionis
Chronicon in Monumenta Germaniæ
Historica SS 1 p578 (ed. G. H. Pertz, 1826)
867
… Non multo post interiecto tempore Hugo abba in locum Ruotberti
substitutus est, vir strenuus, humilis, iustus, pacificus et omni
morum honestate fundatus; siquidem Odo et Ruotbertus, filii Ruotberti,
adhuc parvuli erant, quando pater extinctus est, et idcirco non est
illis ducatus commissus.
This roughly translates as:
867 … Not long
after, Abbot Hugh was substituted in Robert's place, a man of great
energy, humility, justice, peace, and integrity of character; for Odo
and Robert, Robert's sons, were still young when their father died, and
therefore the duchy was not entrusted to them.
Beatrix
Beatrix is documented as the mother of Hugh the Great in one of Hugh's
charters, dated 931, in which he donates some of the land inherited from his
mother ot the church.
Hugonis Magni Charta in Recueil
des historiens des Gaules et de la France vol 9 p719 (1874)
[An.
931.] Hugo Rector Abbatiæ sancti Martini. De tantis
omnipotentis Domini promissionibus bene securi, pro amore ejusdem
omnipotentis Dei atque sancti Martini egregii Confessons in eleemosyna
domni et genitoris nostri Rotberti quondam Regis ac genitricis nostræ
domnæ Beatricis, atque nostra, omniumque parentum nostrorum, alodum
juris nostri, quem ex materna hæreditate jure et legaliter, necnon
quieto ordine possidere videmur, Castellionum nomine, cum Ecclesiis,
id est Spantiacum et Pometura atque Sauciacum, situai in pago
Biturigensi, cum omnibus rebus ad ipsum alodum pertinentibus in ipso
pago sitis
This roughly translates as:
[Year 931.]
Hugh Rector of the Abbey of St. Martin. Of the great promises of the
Almighty Lord, well assured, for the love of the same Almighty God and
of the excellent Saint Martin, we confess in charity our lord and parent
Robert, formerly King, and our mother, the lady Beatrice, and ourselves,
and all our parents, the freehold land of our right, which we seem to
possess by right and legal right, and also in quiet order, from our
maternal inheritance, by the name of Castellion, with the churches, that
is, Spantiacum and Pometura and Sauciacum, situated in the village of
Biturigensi, with all the things pertaining to the freehold land in that
village.
A countess Adelæ is documented with count Robert in a charter of Charles the
Simple, dated 21 May 907. She has been the subject of unresolved debate as
to whether she is an earlier or later wife to Robert than Beatrix, or
perhaps Robert's daughter, presumably the otherwise unnamed daughter who
married Heribert II.
Caroli Simplicis Diplomata in Recueil
des historiens des Gaules et de la France vol 9 p505 (1874)
Unde
interventu quorumdam Principum viciniùs nobis assistentium, Frederunæ
videlicet conjugis carissimæ, necnon et dilectæ Gislæ Abbatissæ, atque
venerandi Comitis Roberti, et Adelæ Comitissæ, Altmari quinetiam atque
Erchengarii Comitum et Roberti nobis dilecti, humiliter expetiit ut ad
supplementum desolatæ Ecclesiæ Abbatiam S. Petri, Resback nomine
dictam
This roughly translates as:
Wherefore,
through the intervention of certain Princes who were near us, namely
Frederuna, our dearest wife, as well as the beloved Abbess Gisla, the
venerable Count Robert, and Countess Adele, the quintet of Altmar, the
Counts of Erchengary, and our beloved Robert, humbly requested that the
Abbey of St. Peter, called Resback, be built as a supplement to the
desolate Church..
(mother not documented)
Robert was crowned king of
France or king of the Franks at Reims on 29 June 922, reigning for less than
a year until his death on 15 June 923. When his elder brother, Eudes, became
king in 888, Robert was given many offices, including marquis of Neustria,
count of Paris, count of
Orléans, count
of Tours, abbot of Saint-Martin de Tours and lay-abbot of Marmoutier.
Flodoardi
annales in Monumenta Germaniæ Historica
SS 3 pp370-1 (ed. G. H. Pertz, 1839)
Anno 922
… Rotbertus igitur super Maternam fluvium Rodulfo filio Richardi,
genero suo, procedit obviam; quem sequens Karolus cum Lothariensibus,
Maternam transiit, et castrum Sparnaci direptum est ab Haganonis
complicibus. Rotbertus etiam, praefato Rodulfo cum Burgundionibus
veniente, fluvium transiens subter Sparnacum, non longius tribus
leugis ab exercitu Karoli castra metatus est; ubi una magis ebdomada
consederunt utrique, ad colloquium ceteri praeter Haganonem et Karolum
venientes.
Hugo interea filius Richardi ad Rotbertum veniens, ducentos
circiter ex his qui cum Haganone erant obvios habuit, in villas
episcopii Remensis abeuntes praedari; quibus captis, tribus tantum
occisis, equos cum armis abstulit et ad suos ignominia oneratos
remisit ceteros. Hinc Rotbertus apud Calmiciacum et Karolus circa
Remis castra metati sunt; ubi cum tribus continuis consedisset diebus,
una scilicet a civitate leuga, et nonnulli ex equis illorum caperentur
a civibus Remorum, una tantum die, dominica videlicet pentecostes,
contra urbem pugnarunt. Ubi nonnullis occisis ex Lothariensibus,
vulneratisque plurimis, nox praelium diremit. Audito denique, quod hi
qui cum Rotberto erant Laudunum captum haberent, et thesauros
Haganonis, qui inibi erant, dispertiti essent, et unum de fratribus
eius ibi comprehendissent, Karolus cum Haganone Laudunum contendit.
Lotharienses quidam regrediuntur ad sua; quidam cum Karolo pergunt.
Rotbertus super Axonam tentoria fixit. Karolus, abnegato sibi introitu
Lauduni, resedit super fluvium Saram, et Rotbertus castra metatus est
super Aleam. Et cum cotidie copiis Rotberti crescentibus, decrescerent
Karoli, clam tandem secedens cum Haganone trans Mosam proficiscitur.
Franci Rotbertum seniorem eligunt ipsique sese committunt. Rotbertus
itaque rex Remis apud sanctum Remigium ab episcopis et primatibus
regni constituitur. Heriveus Remorum archiepiscopus obiit tertia die
post consecrationem Rotberti regis, scilicet 6 Nonas Julii
This roughly translates as:
In the year 922
… Robert therefore went over the river Marne to meet Rudolf, the son of
Richard, his son-in-law; following him, Charles with the Lotharians
crossed the Marne, and the castle of Sparna was plundered by Haganon's
accomplices. Robert also, when the aforementioned Rudolph came with the
Burgundians, crossed the river below Sparna, and pitched his camp not
far from Charles' army; where they both stayed for about a week, the
others coming to the conference except Haganon and Charles.
Meanwhile, Hugh, the son of Richard, coming to Robert, met about
two hundred of those who were with Haganon, going to plunder the
villages of the bishopric of Reims; having captured them, having killed
only three, he took away their horses with their weapons and sent the
rest back to their own people, burdened with disgrace. From here Robert
and Charles pitched their camp near Reims; where, having camped for
three consecutive days, namely one league from the city, and some of
their horses were captured by the citizens of Reims, they fought against
the city on only one day, namely Pentecost Sunday. Where some of the
Lotharians were killed and many wounded, night broke up the battle.
Finally, hearing that those who were with Robert had captured Laudun,
and had scattered the treasures of Haganon, which were there, and had
arrested one of his brothers there, Charles rushed to Laudun with
Haganon. Some of the Lotharians returned to their own; some continued
with Charles. Robert pitched his tents on the Axon. Charles, having
denied himself access to Laudun, settled on the river Sara, and Robert
pitched his camp on Ale. And as Robert's forces grew daily, Charles's
diminished, he finally secretly withdrew with Haganon and set out across
the Meuse. The Franks chose Robert the Elder and they committed
themselves to him. Robert was therefore made king of Reims at Saint
Remigius by the bishops and primates of the kingdom. Heriveus,
Archbishop of Reims, died on the third day after the consecration of
king Robert, namely on the 6th Nones of July [2 July]
The Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th edition vol
23 p398 (ed. Hugh Chisholm, 1911)
ROBERT
I. (c 865-923), king of France, or king of the Franks, was
the younger son of Robert the Strong, count of Anjou, and the brother of
Odo, or Eudes, who became king of the western Franks in 888. Appointed
by Odo ruler of several counties, including the county of Paris, and
abbot in commendam of many abbeys, Robert also secured the
office of duke of the Franks, a military dignity of high importance. He
did not claim the crown of France when his brother died in 898; but
recognizing the supremacy of the Carolingian king, Charles III., the
Simple, he was confirmed in his offices and possessions, after which he
continued to defend northern France from the attacks of the Normans. The
peace between the king and his powerful vassal was not seriously
disturbed until about 921. The rule of Charles, and especially his
partiality for a certain Hagano, had aroused some irritation; and,
supported by many of the clergy and by some of the most powerful of the
Frankish nobles, Robert took up arms, drove Charles into Lorraine, and
was himself crowned king of the Franks at Reims on the 29th of June 922.
Collecting an army, Charles marched against the usurper, and on the 15th
of June 923, in a stubborn and sanguinary battle near Soissons, Robert
was killed, according to one tradition in single combat with his rival.
Robert left a son, Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks, and his grandson
was Hugh Capet, king of France.
See F. Lot, Les Derniers Carolingiens (Paris, 1891); and
E. Lavisse, Histoire de France, tome ii. (Paris, 1903).
 |
|
Depiction of (from left to right): the
Battle of Soissons, the imprisonment of Charles III and the
coronation of Rudolph, created between 1332 and 1350.
illustration in the Chroniques de
Saint-Denis manuscript (Royal 16 G VI f. 248) held at the
British Library, posted on wikipedia
|
15 June 923, in the Battle
of Soissons, near the abbey
of Saint-Médard de Soissons, Neustria
Flodoardi
annales in Monumenta Germaniæ Historica
SS 3 p371 (ed. G. H. Pertz, 1839)
Anno 923
Rotbertus in regnum Lothariense proficiscitur, locuturus cum Heinrico,
qui ei obviam venit in pagum Ribuarium super fluvium Ruram; ubi se
invicem paverunt, et pacta amicitia, datisque ab alterutro muneribus,
discesserunt. Ubi etiam quidam Lotharienses dederunt obsides, et
inducias a Rotberto acceperunt usque in Kalendas Octobris. … Karolus
cum suis Lothariensibus, inducias quas nuper a Rotberto acceperant
infringentibus, Mosam transiens, ad Atiniacum venit, et antequam
Rotbertus suos fideles adunare potuisset, super Axonam insperate, ubi
Rotbertum sub urbe Suessonica sedere compererat, adiit. Et in
crastinum, die dominica, hora iam sexta praeterita, Francis dehinc
illa die praelium non sperantibus, plurimis quoque prandentibus,
Karolus Axonam transiit, et super Rotbertum cum armatis Lothariensibus
venit. Rotbertus vero armatis his qui secum erant, contra processit;
commissoque praelio, multis ex utraque parte cadentibus, Rotbertus
quoque rex lanceis perfossus cecidit. Hi tamen, qui erant ex parte
Rotberti, Hugo scilicet ipsius filius, et Heribertus cum ceteris,
victoria potiti, Karolum cum Lothariensibus in fugam verterunt; sed ob
mortem regis sui Rotberti eos persequi destiterunt, campum vero
obtinuerunt spoliaque ab eis, maxime autem a rusticanis et ex
Suessonicae urbis suburbio confluentibus, direpta sunt.
This roughly translates as:
In the year
923, Robert set out for the kingdom of Lotharingia, to speak with Henry,
who came to meet him in the village of Ribuarium on the river Rura;
where they fed each other, and having agreed on friendship and given
gifts from each other, they departed. Where also some Lotharingians gave
hostages, and received a truce from Robert until the Kalends of October.
… Charles with his Lotharingians, breaking the truce which they had
recently received from Robert, crossed the Meuse, came to Atiniacum, and
before Robert could gather his faithful, he unexpectedly went over the
Axona, where he had found Robert sitting under the city of Soissons. And
on the following day, Sunday, already past the sixth hour, the French
not expecting battle that day, and many of them also having lunch,
Charles crossed the Axona, and came upon Robert with armed
Lotharingians. Robert, however, with those who were with him armed,
advanced against him; And when the battle was joined, many fell on both
sides, and King Robert also fell, pierced through with spears. However,
those who were on Robert's side, namely Hugh his son, and Herbert with
the others, having gained the victory, put Charles and the Lotharians to
flight; but because of the death of their king Robert, they ceased to
pursue them, but they gained the plain and plundered them, especially
from the peasants and those who had come from the suburbs of the city of
Soissons.
Historia
Francorum Senonensiss in Monumenta
Germaniæ Historica SS 9 p366 (ed. G. H. Pertz, 1851)
922.
Secundo anno post eius mortem Robertus princeps rebellavit contra
Karolum Simplicem, unctusque est in regem 3. Kal. Iulii. Et nondum
anno expleto 17. Kal. Iulii factum est bellum Suessionis civitate
inter Karolum Simplicem et ipsum Robertum, qui regnum Francorum
invaserat; ubi interfectus est ipse Robertus. —Karolo vero a cede
belli victore revertente, occurit illi Herbertus infidelium
nequissimus, et sub fictae pacis simulatione in castro quod Parrona
dicitur ut hospitandi gratia diverteret conpulit. Et sic eum dolo
captum retinuit. Habebat enim idem Robertus sororem istius Herberti in
conjugio; de qua ortus est Hugo Magnus.
This roughly translates as:
922. In the
second year after his death, prince Robert rebelled against Charles the
Simple, and was anointed king on the 3rd Kalends of July [29 June]. And
not yet completed was the year, on the 17th Kalends of July [15 June],
war broke out in the city of Soissons between Charles the Simple and
Robert himself, who had invaded the kingdom of the Franks; where Robert
himself was killed. —But as Charles was returning victorious from the
war, Herbert, the most wicked of infidels, met him, and under the
pretense of a false peace, he drove him away to the castle called
Parrona, in order to entertain him. And thus he captured him by deceit
and kept him. For the same Robert had the sister of this Herbert in
marriage; from whom Hugh the Great was born.
_____
Robert I
Heribert
II
Flodoard refers to the sons of Heribert being nephews of Hugh
the Great, who was a son of king Robert
I, showing that Heribert must have been married to Hugh's sister, who
was thus a daughter of Robert I, although her name is not known.
Flodoardi
annales in Monumenta Germaniæ Historica
SS 3 p390 (ed. G. H. Pertz, 1839)
Anno 943
... revertitur ad Compendium, ubi eum expectabat Hugo dux cum
nepotibus suis, Heriberti filiis, de quibus recipiendis frequens
agitabatur intentio.
This roughly translates as:
In the year 923
... [king
Louis d'Outremer] returned to Compendium, where Duke Hugh was waiting
for him with his nephews, the sons of Heribert, whose return was
frequently discussed.
p393
Anno 946
quidam motus inter filios Heriberti comitis agitantur pro hereditatum
distributione suarum. Qui tamen, Hugone principe avunculo ipsorum
mediante, pacantur, divisis sibi, prout eis competens visum est,
rebus.
This roughly translates as:
In the year 946
some
disturbances arose among the sons of count Heribert over the
distribution of their inheritances. However, through the mediation of
their uncle prince Hugh, they were pacified, dividing their property
among themselves as seemed best to them.
In 931, king
Rudolph besieged Heribert and his wife in a castle in Laon. Heribert
escaped the siege, leaving his wife in the castle which was captured by the
king.
Flodoardi
annales in Monumenta Germaniæ Historica
SS 3 p380 (ed. G. H. Pertz, 1839)
Anno 931
... sicque pergens Laudunum, obsidet inibi Heribertum, qui ibidem sese
concluserat cum suis. Nec diu persistens, locum petit egrediendi;
datoque sibi spatio, recedit, dimissa uxore sua in arce, quam infra
Laudunum ipse construxerat. Ad quam postea capiendam majoris laboris
et morae opus regi fuit
This roughly translates as:
In the year 931
... And so,
proceeding to Laudunum, [king Rudolph] besieged Heribert there, who had
shut himself up there with his men. Not long in remaining, he sought a
place to come out; and, having given himself space, he withdrew, leaving
his wife in the castle, which he himself had built below Laudunum. To
capture which afterwards required the king great labor and delay.
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